Mangla Azad Kashmir Pakistan

The Mangla Dam (Urdu: منگلا بند‎) is a multipurpose dam located on the Jhelum River in the Mirpur District of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. It is the 9th largest dam in the world. The project was designed and supervised by Binnie & Partners of London (the team led by partner Geoffrey Binnie),^[2] and it was built by Mangla Dam Contractors, a consortium of 8 U.S. construction firms, sponsored by Guy F. Atkinson Company of South San Francisco.

Mangla Dam (also spelled Mangala Dam) was constructed across Jehlum River in 1967. It is sited about 67 miles (108 kilometers) from Islamabad in District Mirpur of Azad Kashmir. It is sixteenth largest dam in the world. Mangla Power Station hosted at Mangla Dam is second biggest in Pakistan and twelfth biggest hydro power station in the world.
The main structure of the dam consist of two spillways, four embankment dams, five power-irrigation tunnels and 1,000 Megawatt power stations. The dam’s two spillways are on its right side. Normal service capacity of the main spillway is 900,000 cusecs. It consists of nine gates all are 36 feet wide and 40 feet high. The second spillway is an emergency spillway. The design of this emergency spillway supports for an expansion of 48 feet in height in future.

 The dam was constructed between 1961 to 1967 across the Jhelum River, about 67 miles (108 km) south-east of the Pakistani capital, Islamabad in Mirpur District of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. The Mangla Dam components include a reservoir, main embankment, intake embankment, main spillway, emergency spillway, intake structures, 5 tunnels and a power station. Besides the main dam, a dyke called Sukian – 17,000 feet in length and a small dam called Jari Dam to block the Jari Nala – about 11 miles beyond the new Mirpur town had to be constructed.

There was a total of 120 x 106 cubic yards (cu yds) of excavation for the reservoir whereas the total fill amounted to 142 x 106 cu yds and concrete to 1.96 x 106 cu yds respectively. The main embankment is earthfill with clay as the core material. Gravel and A-type sandstone are applied on the shoulders. The maximum height of embankment above the core trench is 454 feet and the length is 8,400 feet. The intake embankment is earthfill type with B-type sandstone as the core material. Gravel is applied on the shoulders. The maximum height of intake embankment above the core trench is 262 feet and the length is 1,900 feet.
Sukian Dam is earthfill with B-type sandstone as the core material. A-type sandstone is applied on the shoulders. The maximum height of the intake embankment above the core trench is 144 feet and the length is 16,900 feet.

Jari Dam is also an earthfill type with silt as the core material. Gravel is applied on the shoulders of the dam. The maximum height of Jari dam above the core trench is 274 feet and the length is 6,800 feet. The main spillway is a submerged orifice type with 9 radial gates, 36 x 40 feet each; it has a maximum capacity of 1.1 million cusecs. The emergency spillway is weir type with an erodible bund and a maximum capacity of 0.23 million cusecs. The 5 tunnels are steel and concrete lined and 1,560 feet long in bedrock. The internal diameter ranges between 26–31 feet.

 Nearest Air port :  Benazir Bhutto International Airport Islamabad
Nearest Railway Station :Jhelum Railway Station
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